SUMMARYBatteries, engines, fuel (Nov 6, 2026; Tito: "dive deeper"). FUEL, Record: Hopi towns strip-mined coal at Black Mesa from about the 900s CE for pottery firing and house heat, with chimneys and stone stoves; Olmec communities cooked natural asphalt (chapopote) in tecomate pots from about 1200 BCE for boats, buildings, glue and paint, and traded it (Wendt); the people of Iere (Trinidad) used Pitch Lake before Raleigh tried it on his ships (March 1595, "most excellent good"). HEAT ENGINES OF THE LAND, Record: Andean huayras, wind-drafted hillside furnaces, smelted silver; a lake core near Potosí shows smelting from about 1000 CE (Abbott and Wolfe, Science 2003). Sicán smelted arsenical bronze at scale (900–1100 CE; over 250 kg in one tomb). La Tolita sintered platinum (600 BCE–200 CE); Spain adopted platinum working around 1730. Olmec rubber vulcanized with morning-glory juice by 1600 BCE (Hosler, Science 1999), about 3,400 years before Goodyear's 1844 patent. BATTERIES, Disputed: the Baghdad jars are Sasanian (224–640 CE), not Parthian. Replicas made current (MythBusters 2005: ten cells gave 4.33 V and plated a token), but no plated object or copper-salt residue has been found. Moche replacement plating (P808) is chemistry that needs no battery, so it isn't proof of stored current. ENGINES, Record outside the Americas (Hero's aeolipile, 1st century CE); Open in the Americas: no engine block, piston, boiler or wheel-and-axle vehicle has been published. Tests: residue in Moche and Chimú workshops, metal fittings with wear, and soot or corrosion patterns in buried "mud-flood" floors (P777). Rule 14: the "no wheel use" claim gets the same test; wheeled figures exist (oldtech).