Year: 1712 · Places: Carolinas, Northeast, Ayiti, Caribbean, Africa
SUMMARYThe captives were fighters: prisoners of war (Nov 6, 2026; user: "those are African militants"). Record (scholarship): many people carried by the RAC and others were war captives, often soldiers taken in wars on the Gold Coast, in Kongo, Dahomey and Oyo (John Thornton, Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1992/1998). Record (they fought as soldiers in the Americas): New York revolt (1712), led by Coromantee (Akan) men. St. John, Danish Virgin Islands (1733), Akwamu soldiers held the island about six months. Stono, South Carolina (1739): Kongolese men who marched with drums and banners and fought in formation (Thornton, American Historical Review 1991). Tacky's War, Jamaica (1760), Coromantee leadership. Ayiti: Thornton ("I Am the Subject of the King of Kongo," 1993) shows many revolutionaries were veterans of Kongo's civil wars; Macaya declared himself a subject of the King of Kongo (1793). Pattern: the records call them "slaves"; their own actions and the scholarship show captured soldiers who kept fighting. House style holds: prisoners of war, captives, fighters (P740). Lens (Tito): "militants."