Biassou and Jean-François's ritual practice: still unverified (northern Ayiti, 1791–93)

SUMMARYBiassou and Jean-François's ritual practice: still unverified (northern Ayiti, 1791–93) [Connections: Ayiti spirit, first-person, Nov 5, 2026]

OPENBiassou is said to have attended Bois Caïman (Dubois, Avengers of the New World, 2004, per Wikipedia), and he died in St. Augustine, Florida in 1801, recorded by the parish priest as "the renowned caudillo of the black royalists" (Jane Landers, Island Luminous). No page opened this session gave a French officer's first-hand description of ritual in Biassou's or Jean-François's camps. Needs deep research: Gros, Récit historique (1793); Pamphile de Lacroix, Mémoires (1819); Madiou vol. 1

LENS (WW9)The leaders' own spiritual lives are under-documented; that gap is a lead, not a "no."

SOURCEGeorges Biassou, Wikipedia; Island Luminous, FIU.