Alcatraz: 19 Hopi men from Orayvi held "until they... realize the error of their evil ways" (San Francisco Bay, 3 January–7 August 1895)
Record: the document says itPattern: documents line upLens: our readingOpen: not yet proven
Year: 1895
SUMMARYAlcatraz: 19 Hopi men from Orayvi held "until they... realize the error of their evil ways" (San Francisco Bay, 3 January–7 August 1895) [Connections: Masonic color line, asylums, castles, wight, Nov 5, 2026]
RECORDNPS: "The largest group of Indian prisoners to be confined on Alcatraz were nineteen Hopi 'hostiles,'" arrested 25 November 1894 and held from 3 January to 7 August 1895. The stated terms: "held in confinement, at hard labor, until . . . they shall show . . . they fully realize the error of their evil ways." They "opposed the government's program of forced education and assimilation" and land allotment. Government agents split the village into "Friendlies" and "Hostiles." Earlier Native prisoners on the island included Modoc (Barncho and Sloluck, 1873), Paiute and Apache men, among them Kaetena, of whom Gen. Crook wrote: "His stay on Alcatraz has worked a complete reformation in his character." HOSTILE
WITNESSArmy records; "hostiles" is the Army's word
PATTERNRefusing the boarding school was treated as a crime
LENS (WW9)Fathers were jailed on a rock for keeping their children home
OPENRead the 1894–95 Army correspondence (RG 393) for the names of the 19
SOURCENPS: Hopi Prisoners on the Rock; NPS: The Army and American Indian Prisoners.