Catawba: terminated in 1959, restored in 1993 (South Carolina)

SUMMARY25. Catawba: terminated in 1959, restored in 1993 (South Carolina) [Connections: Who decided who's Indian, Nov 5, 2026]

RECORDThe 1993 Catawba settlement act's findings (25 U.S.C. 941): "In 1959, when Congress enacted the Catawba Tribe of South Carolina Division of Assets Act (25 U.S.C. 931–938), Federal agents assured the Tribe that if the Tribe would release the Government from its obligation under the 1943 agreement … [and] agree to Federal legislation terminating the Federal trust relationship and liquidating the 1943 reservation, the status of the Tribe's land claim would not be jeopardized by termination." The 1993 Act aims "to restore the trust relationship between the Tribe and the United States" (Pub. L. 103-116, 27 Oct. 1993)

PATTERNIn the Southeast, a federally served nation was legislated out of federal "Indian" status for 34 years on assurances Congress itself later recorded

LENS (WW9)Congress wrote them out, then wrote down how it was done

OPENHow many Catawba moved or were recorded under other categories during 1959–1993

SOURCE25 U.S.C. § 941 (GovInfo, US Code 2011).