Carolina-backed slave raids and the 1711 / 1743 / 1763 removals to Havana (south Florida, 1700s)

SUMMARYCarolina-backed slave raids and the 1711 / 1743 / 1763 removals to Havana (south Florida, 1700s) [Connections: Miami & Lake Okeechobee, Nov 5, 2026]

RECORDWarfare, slave raids and epidemics in the early 1700s cut south Florida populations; Mayaimi people were among 270 south Florida natives taken to Cuba in 1711; in 1743 about 100 Mayaimi, St. Lucie and Mayaca people were reported north of the Miami River; Tequesta survivors numbered about 30 in 1743 and were taken to Havana; the last 60 Calusa on Key West went to Cuba in 1760, and another account says 80 families left for Havana in 1763 when Spain's paper claim passed to Britain (Wikipedia). The Florida Division of Historical Resources timeline adds that by 1675 slave raids led many native Floridians to seek evacuation to Cuba, and that in 1763 "most surviving Indians moved to Cuba with their Spanish allies. Some descendants likely stayed in southern Florida."

PATTERNThe colonial record says the Tequesta, Mayaimi and Calusa were pushed out by English-colony slave raiding, not that they vanished; and the state's own timeline says some likely stayed

LENS (WW9)"Disappeared" in the textbook; "some descendants likely stayed" in the state's own words

OPENNeeds deep research: Havana parish and evacuation lists (1711, 1760, 1763) and whether those who stayed show up later under other labels ("Spanish Indians," "colored," etc.)

SOURCEIndigenous people of the Everglades region (Wikipedia); Miami Circle Historic Timeline (FL Division of Historical Resources).