Garifuna: Kalinago and African, renamed "Black Caribs" and deported (Yurumein/Saint Vincent to Roatán, 1795–1797)
Record: the document says itPattern: documents line upLens: our readingOpen: not yet proven
Year: 1795 · Places: Louisiana, Gulf Coast, Caribbean, Mexico, Africa
SUMMARYGarifuna: Kalinago and African, renamed "Black Caribs" and deported (Yurumein/Saint Vincent to Roatán, 1795–1797) [Connections: Gulf, Louisiana, Texas & Mexico, Nov 5, 2026]
RECORDThe Garifuna are an Afro-Indigenous people descended from Arawak and Kalinago (Island Carib) and African people, and they call Saint Vincent Yurumein. Their language is Arawakan, an offshoot of Kalinago. British writer William Young's Account of the Black Charaibs (1795) framed most Indigenous Vincentians as "mere interlopers from Africa" (historians' characterization). Joseph Chatoyer led resistance beginning in 1769. In 1797 the British deported more than 5,000 people they classed as "Black Caribs," landing them on Roatán on April 12, 1797, and only about 2,500 survived. UNESCO honored Garifuna language, dance and music in 2001
PATTERNThe British split Kalinago people by skin color and deported the darker ones as "Black" interlopers, a colonial renaming used to justify land seizure
LENS (WW9)Kalinago by tongue and land, renamed "Black" to take Yurumein. That is the exact play
OPENRead Young 1795 directly. The arrival of Africans on Yurumein (shipwreck vs. escape from Barbados) is DISPUTED
SOURCEGarifuna (Wikipedia), citing Young 1795, Greene 2002, Crawford 1983.