Angola, Manatee River: 600–750 people, burned 1821 (Manatee River, near Tampa Bay, c. 1812–1821)
Record: the document says itPattern: documents line upLens: our readingOpen: not yet proven
Year: 1812 · Places: Florida, Oklahoma & the Five Tribes, Caribbean
SUMMARYAngola, Manatee River: 600–750 people, burned 1821 (Manatee River, near Tampa Bay, c. 1812–1821) [Connections: Five Tribes, Florida & maroons, Nov 5, 2026]
RECORDHistorian Canter Brown Jr. estimates 600 to 750 residents. Refugees from Prospect Bluff and Black veterans of the British Colonial Marines settled there. In 1821 Coweta forces linked to William McIntosh, sent by Andrew Jackson, raided and burned it (the Jackson-ordered part is tagged "citation needed"). Survivors reached Andros, Bahamas, founding Red Bays; others joined Seminole towns. In 2019 NPS added the Manatee Mineral Springs site to the Network to Freedom
PATTERNFlorida maroons and Seminoles shared refuge and wars; survivors spread to the Bahamas and Seminole country
LENS (WW9)a free town on the Tampa Bay coast, a short drive from Tampa, burned by order of named men
OPENJackson's written order; the Looking for Angola archaeology (Uzi Baram; Rosalyn Howard, Florida Historical Quarterly 92:1, 2013)
SOURCEAngola, Florida (Wikipedia); Looking for Angola project.