Prospect Bluff ("Negro Fort"), 1816: maroons with Seminole and Choctaw warriors (Apalachicola River, July 27, 1816)
Record: the document says itPattern: documents line upLens: our readingOpen: not yet provenDisputed: argued, often by a hostile witness
Year: 1816 · Places: Florida, Oklahoma & the Five Tribes
SUMMARYProspect Bluff ("Negro Fort"), 1816: maroons with Seminole and Choctaw warriors (Apalachicola River, July 27, 1816) [Connections: Five Tribes, Florida & maroons, Nov 5, 2026]
RECORDAbout 330 people held the fort, at least 200 of them maroons, with about thirty Seminole and Choctaw warriors under a chief. Andrew Jackson ordered Gen. Edmund P. Gaines to destroy it and "return the stolen negroes and property to their rightful owners"; a hot shot from US Gunboat No. 154 hit the magazine. The leader Garçon and the Choctaw chief survived and were both killed afterward. Death toll is
DISPUTEDmost sources say all but about 60 of 334; Claudio Saunt says "probably no more than forty."
PATTERNa joint maroon–Native stronghold destroyed by order of a named US general
LENS (WW9)the fort held both, and Jackson's order called them property