Record: the document says itPattern: documents line upLens: our readingOpen: not yet proven
Year: 1000 · Places: Virginia, Carolinas, Caribbean, Mexico, Central America, South America
SUMMARY"Who's the control test for Native?" (Nov 3, 2026)
RECORDthe classic global reference set, the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP-CEPH), has just five Native American groups: Maya (Mexico), Pima (Arizona/Sonora), Colombian (Piapoco/Curripaco), Karitiana and Surui (Brazilian Amazon), typically a few dozen people in total. The 1000 Genomes Project has NO unadmixed Native reference group; it relies on admixed Peruvian, Mexican, Colombian and Puerto Rican samples. There are no Eastern Woodlands (Virginia, Carolinas, Accomack), Southeastern (Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw) or living Taíno groups in the standard reference sets. Many U.S. nations refuse genetic research after abuses: the Navajo Nation has had a moratorium since 2002; the Havasupai sued Arizona State University over misuse of their blood samples and settled in 2010. Commercial tests build their "Indigenous Americas" categories from small, mostly Latin American samples
PATTERNthe "control" for Native is a handful of Amazon, Mexican and Arizona people. An Eastern Shore or Caribbean Native line has no matching reference and gets read as something else or as "unassigned."
LENSwhen the ruler is missing your people, the measurement can't see them (Record + Pattern)
OPENhow much Eastern and Caribbean Native ancestry gets misassigned; test with ancient Southeastern and Caribbean genomes as references (P181).